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11. accuse / charge
accuse | v. （與介詞of連用）指控 | The police accused him of theft. |
charge | v. （因為小錯而受的）責備，（因違法而受到）控告（與介詞with連用） | The police charged him with murder. |
12. acquire / attain / obtain / gain / earn / achieve / secure
acquire | v. 獲得（多指經過努力逐步獲得才能、知識、習慣等，也用于對財物等的獲得；強調“一經獲得就會長期持有”的含義） | It is through learning that the individual acquires many habitual ways of reacting to situations. |
attain | v. 獲得（指經過不懈的努力獲得未曾預料到的結果）；達到（某一目標） | The salesperson attained his sales goal for the month. |
obtain | v. 獲得，買到（用于正式語體） | He obtained the property with a bank loan. |
gain | v. （指通過較大努力獲得某種利益或好處或指軍事上的武力奪取等）獲得 | An investor gains by buying stocks that go up in value. |
earn | v. 掙得，贏得（指因工作等而得到報酬或待遇） | How much do you earn a week? |
achieve | v. 得到，獲得（多指成就、目標、幸福的取得） | The movie star achieved success and wealth. |
secure | v.（尤指經過努力）獲得，取得，實現 | to secure a contract/deal |
13. acute / critical / crucial / urgent
acute | a. 劇烈的，嚴重的；急性的（病） | An acute lack of food brought hunger to the Iraqi people. |
critical | a. 關鍵的（表示處于極度缺乏的狀態或事件的轉折點；與crucial相似，二者區別在于它對缺乏的或危急的程度有更準確的衡量） | It iscritical that you study hard for the exam or you will fail it. |
crucial | a. 決定性的，緊要關頭的，至關重要的（最為籠統，適用于上述兩種情況） | Improved consumer confidence is crucial to an economic recovery. |
urgent | a. 緊迫的，急迫的，緊要的（它不強調所指的問題是最重要的，僅強調“緊急的”狀態） | We have an urgent need for help; we are running out of water. |
14. adjust / regulate / rectify / amend / convert / alter / modify / transform / vary
adjust | v. （一般指很小的改變或技術性的）調整，修理 | I adjusted the air conditioner to stay cool. |
regulate | v.（指根據規定或需要對某物（機器、鐘表等）使之準確工作或運行；多含有“控制”之意）調整或調節 | Lights are used to regulate the traffic. |
rectify | v. 糾正，校正（錯誤、文章、合同等） | He rectified the mistake in the contract by changing its wording. |
amend | v.（正式用語，指修改文件、法律、規范等）修正，修訂 | The politicians amended the law to provide more jobs. |
convert | v. 改變（某事物的形式或用途或改變信仰，尤其是宗教信仰） | Britain converted to a decimal currency system in 1971. |
alter | v. （使事物在外觀、性質、用途等方面）稍作改變 | The tailor altered the waistband on my pants because it was too tight. |
modify | v. （以使某物更趨完善）調整，修改，使更合適 | He was loud and angry, and his friends told him to modify hisbehavior. |
transform | v.（徹底、深遠的）改變 | The photochemical reactions transform the light into electrical impulses. |
vary | v. （強調沒有一定規則、陸續的）變化或差異 | Air fares vary from one airline to another. |
15. admit / confess / concede
admit | v. 承認（指由于說服、再三追問而“承認”某一事實或過錯） | I admit that you have a point. |
confess | v. 供認（罪行、過錯等，含有“坦白、招認”的意思） | He confessed his crimes to the judge. |
concede | v.承認（指曾想隱瞞或不愿意承認某一錯誤，但由于證據確鑿而不得不勉強承認或指“以退為進”的承認） | The man who caused the accident finally conceded to the police that he had done it. |
16. affiliate / link / attach / append
affiliate | v. 加入，成為……一部分 | an affiliated middle school |
link | v. 將人或物連接起來 | The crowd linked arms to form a barrier. |
attach | v. 將某物系在、貼在、附在另一物上 | I attached a note to my report with a paper clip. |
append | v. 增加，附加（與attach的意思比較接近） | The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract. |
17. affirm / assert / allege / claim / announce / proclaim
affirm | v. 堅信不疑地肯定或宣稱（deny的反義詞） | He affirmed his love for her. |
assert | v. （指不管事實如何，主觀自信地）宣稱 | She asserted that she was innocent. |
allege | v. （在無真憑實據的情況下）宣稱、斷定 | The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighborhood atthe time of the crime. |
claim | v. 要求，聲稱，斷言（多指根據某種規定提出的要求或主張） | They claim that if more people rode bicycles to go to work there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city. |
announce | v. 宣布，宣告（多指首次當眾正式宣布某一主張或態度；常常帶有預告的意味） | The invention of the printing press announced the diffusion of knowledge. |
proclaim | v. 宣布；宣告（成立）（指經過深思熟慮后向大眾宣布一個明確的決定或判斷，尤其指重大事件的宣布，多用于官方場合） | The president proclaimed an emergency when the war came. |
18. aggravate / reinforce / increase / strengthen / intensify
aggravate | v. 加重（負擔、罪行、病情等），使之惡化 | I hurt my foot, then aggravated it by trying to walk too soon. |
reinforce | v. 增援（一般用于軍隊或警察的行動）；（以添加材料等）加固 | A police officer saw three thieves robbing a bank and radioed to reinforce him. |
increase | v. （數量上的）增加 | The number of people has been increased. |
strengthen | v. 加強，鞏固，增強（相當于to become stronger） | Exercising every day strengthens the heart. |
intensify | v. 使變得更強烈、劇烈，加劇（相當于to become more intense or intensive） | intensify hatred |
19. alert / cautious / considerate
alert | a. 警惕的，留神的 | The hostess remained standing, alert to every guests’drinking need. |
cautious | a. 細心的，謹慎的 | He has a cautious attitude about spending money. |
considerate | a. 關心他人的，體貼的 | He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic. |
20. alive / live / living / lively
alive | a. 活著的，有活力的（常作表語，作定語時必須后置） | After the accident, he was barely alive. |
live | a. 活的，有活力的 | We watched the live broadcast of the opera on TV. |
living | a. 活著的（作定語可前可后，可修飾人也可修飾物） | Who is the world’s greatest living artist? |
lively | a. 活潑的，栩栩如生的 | She is a lively young girl, always laughing and doing things. |
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